West Island School, History and Global Politics

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  • Home
    • FICTION FOR THE MYP
    • FICTION FOR THE IB
    • FICTION FOR IGCSE
    • IB History >
      • IB History Revision >
        • Paper 1
        • Paper 2 >
          • The Cold War Home
        • Paper 3
      • History IA
      • Paper 1 >
        • 1. Rwanda Causes
        • 2. Rwanda Course
        • 3. Rwanda Impact
        • 1.1. Causes of Kosovo Conflict
        • 2.2. Course of Kosovo Conflict
        • 3.3 Consequences of the Kosovo Conflict
      • Paper 2 >
        • P2 COLD WAR >
          • 1. Rivalry, Mistrust Accord >
            • Korea
            • The Thaw
            • End of the Cold War
          • 2. Cold War Leaders and Nations
          • 3. Cold War Crises
      • Paper 3 >
        • 9. East Asia 1860 - 1912 >
          • 1. Tongzhi restoration
          • 2. Self Strengthening movement
          • 3. Sino Japanese war
          • 4. Boxer rebellion
        • S.E Asia Colonialism HL >
          • HL Unit 5: Philippines
          • HL Unit 5: INDO-CHINA
          • Nationalism
          • HL Siam
        • China 1949 - 2005 >
          • Consolidation of the Communist State
          • Transition to socialism
          • Social Devleopments
          • Cultural Revolution
          • Foreign Policy
          • Post Mao
          • China under Deng
          • Developments in China 1989 - 2005
      • Cold War Conflicts in Asia >
        • Cambodia
        • Malaya >
          • VIdeo resource
          • Causes and course of the Conflict
          • Results and comparison with other CW Crises
        • Afghanistan
      • History Extended Essay
    • IGCSE HISTORY (new course) >
      • The First World War >
        • World War One in film and documentaries
        • World War One books and additional reading
        • 1. Causes: The Alliance system
        • 2. Growth Tension, IGCSE
        • 3. Struggle Balkans, IGCSE
        • 4. Schlieffen Plan and Deadlock
        • 5. The War at Sea and Gallipoli
        • 6. The Defeat of Germany
      • Stalin's Russia >
        • Stalin at the library
        • Stalin at the movies
        • Background to Stalin
        • Leadership struggle
        • Collectivisation and 5YP
        • Purges
        • Life in the SU
        • Second World War and after
      • China IGCSE unit >
        • China Videos
        • China in Literature section
        • 1. China 1900 - 34
        • 2. China 1934 - 49
        • 3. China Under Mao 1949 - 63
        • 4. China 1965 - 76 Cultural Revolution
        • 5. China, 1976 - 89
      • USA: Divided Union 1945-74 >
        • Red Scare
        • Civil Rights in the 1950s
        • The impact of civil rights protests 1960-74
        • Protest Movements
        • Nixon & Watergate
    • IGCSE Extension Pages
    • IGCSE Revision Home >
      • 2017 IGCSE PAPER 1 STALIN
      • 2017 IGCSE PAPER 2 REVISION: WW1
      • 2017 IGCSE PAPER 2 REVISION: CHINA
      • 2017 IGCSE PAPER 1 REVISION - USA
    • MYP History >
      • Year 7 - Native Americans >
        • 1. Introduction to discoveries
        • 2. Who were the first Americans?
        • 3. Discovery and wonder
        • 4. Sioux investigation
        • 5. Sources and assessment
        • 6. The loss of Native American land
        • 7. Why go west?
        • 8. The Oregon Trail simulation
        • 9. Encounters
        • 10. Assessment 2 - Board game
      • Year 8 Systems of government Inquiry >
        • Unpacking the statement
        • Introduction to China
        • The research phase
        • PEAL
        • How do systems compare
        • Assessment
        • Reflection
      • Year 9 MYP History >
        • Vietnam homepage >
          • 1. Vietnam immersion
          • 2. Vietnam 1945 - 54
          • 3. The US invasion of Vietnam
          • 4. What was fighting like in Vietnam?
          • 5. The US soldier's experience
          • 6. Protests and legacy
          • Assessment
        • Year 9 Genocide and dehumanisation >
          • 1. History Heroes
          • 2. The Modest Hero
          • 3. Genocide overview
          • 4. Causes of the Holocaust
          • 5. How could this happen? >
            • Assessment mini essay
          • 6. What happened at Auschwitz?
          • 7. Assessment
          • 8. Genocide in History
  • IB Global Politics
    • Politics movies and documentaries
    • Politics Reading and articles
    • Introduction to Global Politics
    • The News
    • Unit 1: Power, Sovereignty & IR >
      • POWER REVISION SECTION
      • 1.1 Defining Power
      • 1.2 Theories of Power
      • 1.3 Types of Power
      • 1.4 Defining legitimacy
      • 2.1 Emergence of Nation States
      • 2.2 Applying Sovereignty
      • 2.3 Social Contract
      • 2.4 Nation States and Political Systems
      • 2.4b Political Systems and states
      • 3.1 Inter-governmental Organisations
      • 3.2 Role and Existence of NGOs
      • 3.3 Violent Protest Movements
      • 3.4 Social Movements
      • 3.5 Political Parties
      • 3.6 Informal Forums
      • 4.1 Global Governance
      • 4.2 Treaties and Collective Security
      • 4.3 Economic Cooperation
      • 4.5 Interstate and Intrastate War
      • 4.6 Terrorism
      • Theory reading
    • Unit 2: Human Rights >
      • Human Rights websites
      • 1. Defining Human Rights
      • 2. UN Declaration on Human Rights >
        • Developments in Human Rights
      • 3. Human Rights as a Western Construction
      • 4. Multi-lateralism and bi-lateralism
      • 5. Non-governmental
      • 5a Other Rights Conventions
      • 6a) Codification of HR Law
      • 6. The ICC >
        • ICC Sudan Genocide case
      • 7. Claims on Human Rights
      • 8. Violations of Human Rights
      • 9. Violations of Human Rights
      • 9a) Write for Rights
      • 10. Cultural Relativism
      • 11. Politicisation of Human Rights
    • Unit 3: Development >
      • 1.1 Defining Development
      • 1.2 Measuring Development
      • 2. Factors Affecting Development
      • Political Factors Affecting Development
      • 3.1 Models of development
      • 3.2 The Capability approach
      • 3.3 Approaches for Developing Economy
      • 3.4 Approaches for Developing Society
      • 4.1 Globalisation and development
      • 4.2 Sustainable Development
      • Interesting video resources
    • Unit 4: Peace & Conflict >
      • 1. Contested meanings conflict >
        • Defining Peace
        • Conflict and Violence
        • Types of conflict
        • Balance of Power Theory
        • Justifications of violence
      • 2. Causes / Parties to conflict >
        • Causes of conflict
        • 2. Greed and grievance
        • 3. Parties to conflict
      • 3. Evolution of conflict >
        • Conflict dynamics and manifestations
        • Third party intervention
      • 4. Conflict resolution >
        • Peacekeeping and peacebuilding
      • Territorial Disputes
    • IA: Engagement Activity
    • HL: Case Study Presentations >
      • GloPol HL Research
      • HL Writing Presentation
      • HL Presenting
    • Global Politics Revision
    • External Assessment >
      • Essay Planning and Writing GP
  • Pre IB History and Global Politics
    • History pre IB
    • Global Politics pre IB

China1911–34

IGCSE Syllabus to Exams 2018

  1. The causes, events and results of the 1911 Revolution.
  2. China under the Warlords.
  3. The May the Fourth Movement.
  4. Sun Yat-Sen, Chiang Kai-shek and the Kuomintang.
  5. Mao Zedong and the emergence of the Chinese Communist Party.
  6. The Northern March and the Shanghai Massacres

Setting a Context: An overview of China's History


Facing History and Ourselves; Background to China up to 1911.

Watch the clip and complete the questions in the doc. below. Consider what the different factors were that are discussed in causing the 1911 revolution.
facing_history_and_ourselves_background_video.docx
File Size: 16 kb
File Type: docx
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Key Concepts and Other Important Terms

Mandate of Heaven: divine right to rule, the heaven is the natural order and balance in the universe and conveys a mandate to rule on a just ruler. Natural disasters and other signs of 'imbalance' were taken as signs the mandate of heaven have been removed. A political ideology used since ancient times to justify the Emperor of China.

Imperial System: the rule of an emperor or empress over an empire
Self strengthening: to learn from foreigners copying their technology and science and apply it to exploiting China's resources for economic benefit.

Boxer Rebellion: Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists, 'Boxers', attacked foreigners and Chinese Christians and spread to Bejing where foreigners retreated to the legations whose defences could not be breached. Dowager Cixi supported the Boxers but the international forces broke the seige and executed many Boxers. 

Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists: called boxers by foreigners as the exercises they practiced to ward off bullets and other forms of attack looked like shadow boxing. Were mostly peasants who had suffered from natural disasters such as famine and flooding and believed the concessions made to foreigners would make their life harder.

Legation: the headquarters of a foreign diplomatic minister and staff.
Nationalism: to take pride in your country. Nationalists sometimes believe their country to superior to others.

Republicanism: a system of government with an elected head of state.

Nationalisation: the takeover by the state of private businesses.

Machu: ethnic group that came from outside of China in Manchuria, to the north. Men wore pigtails as a symbol of the superiority of the Manchu and the Manchu emperors ruled China after the defeat of the Ming dynasty.

Han:  ethnic Chinese, formed 90% of the population of China.

1. The causes, events and results of the 1911 Revolution

Produce a flow chart showing the causes, events and results of the 1911 Revolution.  Use the mind map document below and the other resources for information.

Focus on establishing links between events (using linking phrases – exam practice)
why_rev_1911_mindmap.doc
File Size: 19 kb
File Type: doc
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Why did the Qing dynasty collapse in 1911?
File Size: 13815 kb
File Type: pptx
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1._causes_of_the_1911_revolution.doc
File Size: 45 kb
File Type: doc
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the_decline_of_the_qing_dynasty_comic.pdf
File Size: 10926 kb
File Type: pdf
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2._detailed_background.docx
File Size: 25 kb
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dETAILED WEB LINK
simple overview

2. China under the Warlords

Instructions:
Create a summary table to take notes under causes, what happened and effects of China under the warlords period.
Who Should Rule?

Task: Research individually then share in a group. China is in chaos, there has been a revolution but there is no clear leader: Who should rule the new China? Justify your decision.
  • Sun Yat-Sen
  • Yuan Shikai
  • Pu-Yi  
Some useful links:
http://www.history.com/news/who-was-yuan-shikai
http://www.historytoday.com/richard-cavendish/pu-yi-last-emperor-china-pardoned​
3._1911_who_should_rule.doc
File Size: 29 kb
File Type: doc
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overview_sun_yatsen_yuan_shikai_puyi.pdf
File Size: 1335 kb
File Type: pdf
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chaing_kai_shek.pdf
File Size: 3709 kb
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Historian Perspectives on Yuan Shikai

Picture
Picture


Write a paragraph explaining why Yuan Shikai became leader of China in 1912 using the sources above.

Past exam question

Explain the key features of either the 1911 Revolution or China under the Warlords

3. The May the Fourth Movement.

Aim: To understand May The Fourth Movement.

Brief description: Uprising that started on 4 May 1919 when students from Bejing University protested in Tiananmen Square over the humiliating terms of the Treaty Of Versailles which granted Germany's possessions in the Shandong province to Japan. Movement spread to other cities where strikes and protests took place and China subsequently refused to sign the treaty.
Activity:

Using the flow chart in the word doc below and the reading below, summarise the steps leading to the May The Fourth Movement.
may_the_4th_movement_summary_table.docx
File Size: 12 kb
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china_under_the_warlords_may_4th_movement.pdf
File Size: 2225 kb
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Picture
Define these key terms: 
Self determination
Ideology
Treaty of Versailles
Chen Duxiu

Inquiry Question: How did the movement influence revolutionary groups?

Exam Practice: Questions B (7 marks) Explain the key features of either May 4th Movement or the Shanghai Massacres.

ADVICE: You will need to use your knowledge to explain the key features of this event. Spend about 10 minutes answering this question.
Try to pick out two key features and link them for full marks.
Remember, a key features can be any part of that event – causes, events, effects/results etc…
 Describe at least two key features and write a paragraph on each. Make sure you pick significant features of each event.
 Make a link between the key features. How did one led to the other? This led to, as a result etc…
 Conclude by stressing the links between the two features.

4. Sun Yat-Sen, Chiang Kai-shek and the Kuomintang/ Guomingdang

Following the revolution and emergence of the warlords China faced a series of internal and external threats. During this period of development the Kuomintang (KMT / GMD (Guomindang) emerged to under the leadership of Sun Yat-Sen and latterly Chiang Kaishek (Jiang Jeshi). Watch the video introduction first, then begin to build up a picture of the main events and players in the 1920s using the document below. 
facing_history_and_ourselves_part_2.docx
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sun_yatsen_chiang_kai_shek_and_guomingdong.pdf
File Size: 1239 kb
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Exam Question


Question C (15 marks): In what ways did support for the Kuomintang (KMT) decline in the years 1937-1949?
You may use the following to help you with your answer: The Long March 1934-35, The War with Japan 1937-45, The Civil War 1945-1949, USA withdrawing Support 

Advice: 

By Question C will require you to write an essay about change over a period of time. You MUST show change, either by comparing the situation before and after the development or by showing how it developed during the period. Remember that this is the highest scoring question so give a detailed and extensive response. 30 minutes should be enough. Don’t forget to use the four scaffolding points given to you!  Focus on the question! It’s about change so write about changes!  You can add your own points or use the scaffolding points – just stay focused.
 Write a paragraph for each event/factor. Give the change then explain it.
 Try to link the factors together for full marks.  YOU MUST conclude by giving a judgement on the extent of change for full marks.

The split between the Communists and Nationalists

As the 1920s progressed the internal differences in China were exposed by an increasingly bitter division between the nationalist party and communist party. Use the textbook as stimulus and then go further in your research to complete the tension graph to explain how the split developed.
Picture
tension_graph_gmd_ccp.docx
File Size: 30 kb
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Activity: Research information on the split between the communists and nationalists. In a paragraph explain the reasons why there were differences between the communists and nationalists and why there was bitter division.

https://www.facinghistory.org/nanjing-atrocities/nation-building/internal-strife-china
Paired task. Hot seating. Each pair given a different individual including Sun Yat-Sen, Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Zedong.
  • Research career and achievement
  • Prepare questions and answers
Carry out hot seat with one student as interviewer and the other as the individual.

5. Mao Zedong and the emergence of the Chinese Communist Party.

northern_expedition_and_shanghai_massacre.pdf
File Size: 2987 kb
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6. The Northern March and the Shanghai Massacres



Question B (7 marks): Explain the key features of the Northern March .

Summary Bingo

Pick six of the following terms / events / people and create a bingo grid, as your teacher reads the definition knock off your answers (if any of these terms is alien to you research and revise!!

Boxer rebellion
Shanghai massacre
100 days of reform
Cixi
Northern Campaign
Opium
Joffe
Sun Yat-Sen
Tongmenghui
Puyi
Yuan Shikai
Zhang Zuolin
Jianxi Soviet
Three Principles
Warlords
Extermination campaign
Guomindang
Mandate of Heaven
Twenty One Demands
May 4th Movement
CCP

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