West Island School, History and Global Politics

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            • Assessment mini essay
          • 6. What happened at Auschwitz?
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  • IB Global Politics
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      • POWER REVISION SECTION
      • 1.1 Defining Power
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      • 1.4 Defining legitimacy
      • 2.1 Emergence of Nation States
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      • Interesting video resources
    • Unit 4: Peace & Conflict >
      • 1. Contested meanings conflict >
        • Defining Peace
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        • Types of conflict
        • Balance of Power Theory
        • Justifications of violence
      • 2. Causes / Parties to conflict >
        • Causes of conflict
        • 2. Greed and grievance
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        • Conflict dynamics and manifestations
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        • Peacekeeping and peacebuilding
      • Territorial Disputes
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    • HL: Case Study Presentations >
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      • Essay Planning and Writing GP
  • Pre IB History and Global Politics
    • History pre IB
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  • Home
    • FICTION FOR THE MYP
    • FICTION FOR THE IB
    • FICTION FOR IGCSE
    • IB History >
      • Paper 1 >
        • 1. Rwanda Causes
        • 2. Rwanda Course
        • 3. Rwanda Impact
        • 1.1. Causes of Kosovo Conflict
        • 2.2. Course of Kosovo Conflict
        • 3.3 Consequences of the Kosovo Conflict
      • Paper 2 >
        • P2 COLD WAR >
          • 1. Rivalry, Mistrust Accord >
            • Korea
            • The Thaw
            • End of the Cold War
          • 2. Cold War Leaders and Nations
          • 3. Cold War Crises
      • Paper 3
      • Paper 3 >
        • China 1949 - 2005 >
          • Consolidation of the Communist State
          • Transition to socialism
          • Social Devleopments
          • Cultural Revolution
          • Foreign Policy
          • Post Mao
          • China under Deng
          • Developments in China 1989 - 2005
      • Cold War Conflicts in Asia >
        • Cambodia
        • Malaya >
          • VIdeo resource
          • Causes and course of the Conflict
          • Results and comparison with other CW Crises
        • Afghanistan
      • History Extended Essay
    • IGCSE HISTORY (new course) >
      • The First World War >
        • World War One in film and documentaries
        • World War One books and additional reading
        • 1. Causes: The Alliance system
        • 2. Growth Tension, IGCSE
        • 3. Struggle Balkans, IGCSE
        • 4. Schlieffen Plan and Deadlock
        • 5. The War at Sea and Gallipoli
        • 6. The Defeat of Germany
      • Stalin's Russia >
        • Stalin at the library
        • Stalin at the movies
        • Background to Stalin
        • Leadership struggle
        • Collectivisation and 5YP
        • Purges
        • Life in the SU
        • Second World War and after
      • China IGCSE unit >
        • China Videos
        • China in Literature section
        • 1. China 1900 - 34
        • 2. China 1934 - 49
        • 3. China Under Mao 1949 - 63
        • 4. China 1965 - 76 Cultural Revolution
        • 5. China, 1976 - 89
      • USA: Divided Union 1945-74 >
        • Red Scare
        • Civil Rights in the 1950s
        • The impact of civil rights protests 1960-74
        • Protest Movements
        • Nixon & Watergate
    • IGCSE Extension Pages
    • IGCSE Revision Home >
      • 2017 IGCSE PAPER 1 STALIN
      • 2017 IGCSE PAPER 2 REVISION: WW1
      • 2017 IGCSE PAPER 2 REVISION: CHINA
      • 2017 IGCSE PAPER 1 REVISION - USA
    • MYP History >
      • Year 7 - Native Americans >
        • 1. Introduction to discoveries
        • 2. Who were the first Americans?
        • 3. Discovery and wonder
        • 4. Sioux investigation
        • 5. Sources and assessment
        • 6. The loss of Native American land
        • 7. Why go west?
        • 8. The Oregon Trail simulation
        • 9. Encounters
        • 10. Assessment 2 - Board game
      • Year 8 Systems of government Inquiry >
        • Unpacking the statement
        • Introduction to China
        • The research phase
        • PEAL
        • How do systems compare
        • Assessment
        • Reflection
      • Year 9 MYP History >
        • Vietnam homepage >
          • 1. Vietnam immersion
          • 2. Vietnam 1945 - 54
          • 3. The US invasion of Vietnam
          • 4. What was fighting like in Vietnam?
          • 5. The US soldier's experience
          • 6. Protests and legacy
          • Assessment
        • Year 9 Genocide and dehumanisation >
          • 1. History Heroes
          • 2. The Modest Hero
          • 3. Genocide overview
          • 4. Causes of the Holocaust
          • 5. How could this happen? >
            • Assessment mini essay
          • 6. What happened at Auschwitz?
          • 7. Assessment
          • 8. Genocide in History
  • IB Global Politics
    • Politics movies and documentaries
    • Politics Reading and articles
    • Introduction to Global Politics
    • The News
    • Unit 1: Power, Sovereignty & IR >
      • POWER REVISION SECTION
      • 1.1 Defining Power
      • 1.2 Theories of Power
      • 1.3 Types of Power
      • 1.4 Defining legitimacy
      • 2.1 Emergence of Nation States
      • 2.2 Applying Sovereignty
      • 2.3 Social Contract
      • 2.4 Nation States and Political Systems
      • 2.4b Political Systems and states
      • 3.1 Inter-governmental Organisations
      • 3.2 Role and Existence of NGOs
      • 3.3 Violent Protest Movements
      • 3.4 Social Movements
      • 3.5 Political Parties
      • 3.6 Informal Forums
      • 4.1 Global Governance
      • 4.2 Treaties and Collective Security
      • 4.3 Economic Cooperation
      • 4.5 Interstate and Intrastate War
      • 4.6 Terrorism
      • Theory reading
    • Unit 2: Human Rights >
      • Human Rights websites
      • 1. Defining Human Rights
      • 2. UN Declaration on Human Rights >
        • Developments in Human Rights
      • 3. Human Rights as a Western Construction
      • 4. Multi-lateralism and bi-lateralism
      • 5. Non-governmental
      • 5a Other Rights Conventions
      • 6a) Codification of HR Law
      • 6. The ICC >
        • ICC Sudan Genocide case
      • 7. Claims on Human Rights
      • 8. Violations of Human Rights
      • 9. Violations of Human Rights
      • 9a) Write for Rights
      • 10. Cultural Relativism
      • 11. Politicisation of Human Rights
    • Unit 3: Development >
      • 1.1 Defining Development
      • 1.2 Measuring Development
      • 2. Factors Affecting Development
      • Political Factors Affecting Development
      • 3.1 Models of development
      • 3.2 The Capability approach
      • 3.3 Approaches for Developing Economy
      • 3.4 Approaches for Developing Society
      • 4.1 Globalisation and development
      • 4.2 Sustainable Development
      • 4.3 Inequality and Development
      • Interesting video resources
    • Unit 4: Peace & Conflict >
      • 1. Contested meanings conflict >
        • Defining Peace
        • Conflict and Violence
        • Types of conflict
        • Balance of Power Theory
        • Justifications of violence
      • 2. Causes / Parties to conflict >
        • Causes of conflict
        • 2. Greed and grievance
        • 3. Parties to conflict
      • 3. Evolution of conflict >
        • Conflict dynamics and manifestations
        • Third party intervention
      • 4. Conflict resolution >
        • Peacekeeping and peacebuilding
      • Territorial Disputes
    • IA: Engagement Activity
    • HL: Case Study Presentations >
      • GloPol HL Research
      • HL Writing Presentation
      • HL Presenting
    • Global Politics Revision
    • External Assessment >
      • Essay Planning and Writing GP
  • Pre IB History and Global Politics
    • History pre IB
    • Global Politics pre IB

IMPACTS

What has been the impact of the Genocide?
a) Domestic

We will see that the aftermath of the RPF victory in Rwanda, which effectively ended the genocide, was only the end of one phase of this tragedy. Of course, the legacy of the genocide lives on with the survivors - but, as you will see, Rwanda also offers us a remarkable example of resilience and forgiveness.
DISCUSSION:
​

- Why did the Genocide end?
- What would you expect the immediate situation to be like?
- Brainstorm all of the aspects of life in Rwanda that would have been impacted by the genocide. 
- Analyse your list through class discussion - what 'categories' could we create to evaluate the impacts?
impact_genocide.docx
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a) Long Term Social Impacts of Genocide

Have a review of the two resources below and complete Part A of the task sheet. History is a complex beast and can yield counter-intuitive results... sometimes... I suggest getting into a three and taking one each, followed by a share.
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b) Justice & Reconciliation
​

Extremely good website - but get your head around the page layout first.

http://www.rwandanstories.org/aftermath.html
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c) The ICTR

During the genocide, the international community bowed to media pressure and formed the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda. It was charged with investigating 'human rights' abuses - they still couldn't bring themselves to say the 'g' word. Have a look at the video on their website and the museum if you have time, before moving on to the textbook reading.

http://unictr.unmict.org/
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c) Political Impact & Economic Impact
 As we have seen, the war and genocide in 1994 brought the RPF to power... Kagame has been the real power in Rwanda ever since.
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What has been the impact of the Genocide?
b) The Refugee Crisis and War in Zaire

                                                                                             
​                                                                        TASK SHEET:
impacts_refugees.docx
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i) History of Refugees in Rwanda

Discuss: Think back through your learning so far. Prior to the RPF defeat in 1994, at which points have there already been refugee movements in the region (Uganda, Zaire, Barundi as well)? 
With the victory of the RPF, there will inevitably be another refugee crisis. Why? How will this be different to previous? Which of the neighbouring countries are likely to accommodate the new refugees?

Read through the first part of the task sheet and discuss with your teacher - active listening is required.
ii) The Genocidaires and Hutu Refugees: Reading and Note taking

​Download 'Reading 2' by clicking on the textbook image.
The task sheet encourages you to read analytically through the use of questions. After you have finished, delete the questions and re-structure using headings. This is an active note taking strategy that encourages recall and analysis.
Picture
iii) The Kibeho Massacre: April 1995

Use the resources below to analyse the massacre at Kibeho - did the victims really become the murderers? Make sure to record your thoughts on the task sheet.
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                             WARNING: GRAPHIC MATERIAL
iv) War in Zaire

This is an excellent article from the BBC on the genocide:
​
http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-11108589


Final Thoughts... historiography in action? The story is never finished...

http://www.theguardian.com/media/2015/apr/10/bbc-rejects-complaint-rwanda-genocide-documentary
economist_article_on_rwanda.pdf
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This happened in 2020: The capture of Felicien Kabuga, the man behind RTML https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JxEk0MGtwjQ

Romeo Dallaire wrote a book called Shake Hands with the Devil about his experiences in Rwanda. This is the conclusion of the book:
shake_hands_with_the_devil_extract_pp510-522.pdf
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