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  • Home
    • FICTION FOR THE MYP
    • FICTION FOR THE IB
    • FICTION FOR IGCSE
    • IB History >
      • Paper 1 >
        • 1. Rwanda Causes
        • 2. Rwanda Course
        • 3. Rwanda Impact
        • 1.1. Causes of Kosovo Conflict
        • 2.2. Course of Kosovo Conflict
        • 3.3 Consequences of the Kosovo Conflict
      • Paper 2 >
        • P2 COLD WAR >
          • 1. Rivalry, Mistrust Accord >
            • Korea
            • The Thaw
            • End of the Cold War
          • 2. Cold War Leaders and Nations
          • 3. Cold War Crises
      • Paper 3
      • Paper 3 >
        • China 1949 - 2005 >
          • Consolidation of the Communist State
          • Transition to socialism
          • Social Devleopments
          • Cultural Revolution
          • Foreign Policy
          • Post Mao
          • China under Deng
          • Developments in China 1989 - 2005
      • Cold War Conflicts in Asia >
        • Cambodia
        • Malaya >
          • VIdeo resource
          • Causes and course of the Conflict
          • Results and comparison with other CW Crises
        • Afghanistan
      • History Extended Essay
    • IGCSE HISTORY (new course) >
      • The First World War >
        • World War One in film and documentaries
        • World War One books and additional reading
        • 1. Causes: The Alliance system
        • 2. Growth Tension, IGCSE
        • 3. Struggle Balkans, IGCSE
        • 4. Schlieffen Plan and Deadlock
        • 5. The War at Sea and Gallipoli
        • 6. The Defeat of Germany
      • Stalin's Russia >
        • Stalin at the library
        • Stalin at the movies
        • Background to Stalin
        • Leadership struggle
        • Collectivisation and 5YP
        • Purges
        • Life in the SU
        • Second World War and after
      • China IGCSE unit >
        • China Videos
        • China in Literature section
        • 1. China 1900 - 34
        • 2. China 1934 - 49
        • 3. China Under Mao 1949 - 63
        • 4. China 1965 - 76 Cultural Revolution
        • 5. China, 1976 - 89
      • USA: Divided Union 1945-74 >
        • Red Scare
        • Civil Rights in the 1950s
        • The impact of civil rights protests 1960-74
        • Protest Movements
        • Nixon & Watergate
    • IGCSE Extension Pages
    • IGCSE Revision Home >
      • 2017 IGCSE PAPER 1 STALIN
      • 2017 IGCSE PAPER 2 REVISION: WW1
      • 2017 IGCSE PAPER 2 REVISION: CHINA
      • 2017 IGCSE PAPER 1 REVISION - USA
    • MYP History >
      • Year 7 - Native Americans >
        • 1. Introduction to discoveries
        • 2. Who were the first Americans?
        • 3. Discovery and wonder
        • 4. Sioux investigation
        • 5. Sources and assessment
        • 6. The loss of Native American land
        • 7. Why go west?
        • 8. The Oregon Trail simulation
        • 9. Encounters
        • 10. Assessment 2 - Board game
      • Year 8 Systems of government Inquiry >
        • Unpacking the statement
        • Introduction to China
        • The research phase
        • PEAL
        • How do systems compare
        • Assessment
        • Reflection
      • Year 9 MYP History >
        • Vietnam homepage >
          • 1. Vietnam immersion
          • 2. Vietnam 1945 - 54
          • 3. The US invasion of Vietnam
          • 4. What was fighting like in Vietnam?
          • 5. The US soldier's experience
          • 6. Protests and legacy
          • Assessment
        • Year 9 Genocide and dehumanisation >
          • 1. History Heroes
          • 2. The Modest Hero
          • 3. Genocide overview
          • 4. Causes of the Holocaust
          • 5. How could this happen? >
            • Assessment mini essay
          • 6. What happened at Auschwitz?
          • 7. Assessment
          • 8. Genocide in History
  • IB Global Politics
    • Politics movies and documentaries
    • Politics Reading and articles
    • Introduction to Global Politics
    • The News
    • Unit 1: Power, Sovereignty & IR >
      • POWER REVISION SECTION
      • 1.1 Defining Power
      • 1.2 Theories of Power
      • 1.3 Types of Power
      • 1.4 Defining legitimacy
      • 2.1 Emergence of Nation States
      • 2.2 Applying Sovereignty
      • 2.3 Social Contract
      • 2.4 Nation States and Political Systems
      • 2.4b Political Systems and states
      • 3.1 Inter-governmental Organisations
      • 3.2 Role and Existence of NGOs
      • 3.3 Violent Protest Movements
      • 3.4 Social Movements
      • 3.5 Political Parties
      • 3.6 Informal Forums
      • 4.1 Global Governance
      • 4.2 Treaties and Collective Security
      • 4.3 Economic Cooperation
      • 4.5 Interstate and Intrastate War
      • 4.6 Terrorism
      • Theory reading
    • Unit 2: Human Rights >
      • Human Rights websites
      • 1. Defining Human Rights
      • 2. UN Declaration on Human Rights >
        • Developments in Human Rights
      • 3. Human Rights as a Western Construction
      • 4. Multi-lateralism and bi-lateralism
      • 5. Non-governmental
      • 5a Other Rights Conventions
      • 6a) Codification of HR Law
      • 6. The ICC >
        • ICC Sudan Genocide case
      • 7. Claims on Human Rights
      • 8. Violations of Human Rights
      • 9. Violations of Human Rights
      • 9a) Write for Rights
      • 10. Cultural Relativism
      • 11. Politicisation of Human Rights
    • Unit 3: Development >
      • 1.1 Defining Development
      • 1.2 Measuring Development
      • 2. Factors Affecting Development
      • Political Factors Affecting Development
      • 3.1 Models of development
      • 3.2 The Capability approach
      • 3.3 Approaches for Developing Economy
      • 3.4 Approaches for Developing Society
      • 4.1 Globalisation and development
      • 4.2 Sustainable Development
      • 4.3 Inequality and Development
      • Interesting video resources
    • Unit 4: Peace & Conflict >
      • 1. Contested meanings conflict >
        • Defining Peace
        • Conflict and Violence
        • Types of conflict
        • Balance of Power Theory
        • Justifications of violence
      • 2. Causes / Parties to conflict >
        • Causes of conflict
        • 2. Greed and grievance
        • 3. Parties to conflict
      • 3. Evolution of conflict >
        • Conflict dynamics and manifestations
        • Third party intervention
      • 4. Conflict resolution >
        • Peacekeeping and peacebuilding
      • Territorial Disputes
    • IA: Engagement Activity
    • HL: Case Study Presentations >
      • GloPol HL Research
      • HL Writing Presentation
      • HL Presenting
    • Global Politics Revision
    • External Assessment >
      • Essay Planning and Writing GP
  • Pre IB History and Global Politics
    • History pre IB
    • Global Politics pre IB

Causes and course of the conflict

Back to Malaya frontpage
to video resources

Background to Malaysia and the Malaysian Communist Party (MCP)

Before the Japanese occupation in the Second World War, the British had used Malaysia for two major exports, tin and rubber. These accounted for nearly 85% of Malay's exports. During the period of occupation the Japanese bought "vile tyranny" (D.G.E. Hall 870) to the Malay peninsula.

​ Assess from the sources what issues were caused by the occupation and how they may have led to fighting between the Malaysian Communist Party (MCP) and the British.
Source One: D.G.E. Hall, A History of South-East Asia
Picture

Source 3: ​http://www.britishempire.co.uk/article/malayanemergency.htm

During the occupation by the Japanese bands of Chinese, led by a young Communist, Chin Peng, established deep jungle hide-outs from which to carry out harassing attacks on small Japanese units in the countryside. These were mainly small skirmishes and ambushes, followed by rapid retreat back into the jungle. The guerilla bands were named the Malayan Peoples Anti Japanese Army – MPAJA. At the same time a number of British military and administrative officers had also remained behind after the fall of Singapore to form a guerilla group to harass the Japanese. These officers eventually joined up with the Chinese guerillas and helped to train the Chinese guerillas in jungle warfare and guerilla tactics. Eventually contact was made with the British Far East Command HQ in Ceylon and a number of volunteers were parachuted into the jungle to join the British and Chinese guerillas. In addition, large drops of arms, ammunition and equipment were also made to strengthen the capability of the combined jungle forces, designated as Force 136.
​
After the surrender of the Japanese in 1945 members of the MPAJA returned to civilian life in the Malayan community and surrendered their arms to the British forces. However, this was only a token surrender as they had buried most of the arms and ammunition in secret jungle locations, some still in the unopened canisters which had been parachuted to them during the war. Also a small secret underground organization remained in the jungle to form the nucleus for a post-war rebellion.
Source Two: P Church, A Short History of South-East Asia
Picture

Source 4: Photograph of Chen Ping (Chin Peng) in 1946.
Picture
malaya_emergency_causes_source_work.docx
File Size: 17 kb
File Type: docx
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Now watch the first 21 minutes of the 1998 BBC documentary on the Malaya emergency. Consider how far the sources support the ideas in this documentary. 

What were the causes of the Malaya Emergency?

With this background on the causes of the emergency and formation of the MCP, try and connect the causes together. Make your own version of these hexagons and connect the factors. Try to explain how each factor connects and consider which factors may have been more significant in the developing emergency.
malaya_causes_hexagons.docx
File Size: 25 kb
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The course of the Emergency; British and Commonwealth responses and the nature of the conflict.

The conflict can be split into fours phases:
PHASE ONE: 1948 - 1950, State of emergency declared.
PHASE TWO: 1950 - 1952, The Briggs plan is enacted.
PHASE THREE: 1952 - 1954, Templer plan to win hearts and minds.
​PHASE FOUR: 1954 - 60, Mopping up and the end of the emergency.
Using the pictures in the slideshow below as a stimulus, investigate what the actions of the British were in each of the phases. How did they approach the problem of the communist insurgency? How and why did their tactics change? Was the appointment of Templer the turning point?

Use the web links, second part of the BBC video to help guide you on the research. Complete the discovery and wonder sheet and add in pictures to help visualise each phase.
malaya_emergency_discovery_and_wonder.docx
File Size: 18 kb
File Type: docx
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malaysia_article.pdf
File Size: 127 kb
File Type: pdf
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Rand file, summary of the course of the war (and detail later)
File Size: 3133 kb
File Type: pdf
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the briggs plan
templer article
assessment of british role in malaya
overview, the malayan emergency
NZ role in the war
MARK CURTIS, THE MALAYAN WAR
britannica, templer
reading_notes_nolan.docx
File Size: 31 kb
File Type: docx
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BRITISH TREATMENT OF MALAYA TRADE UNIONS
Australia and the Malaya emergency

Key Knowledge checkpoint quiz

Malayan emergency Kahoot

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